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Jules Palayer is a research assistant at SIPRI since August 2023, previously serving as a junior lecturer at Leiden University - Faculty of Governance and Global Affairs from August 2021 to August 2023. Jules holds a Master's degree in Science and International Security from King's College London (2020-2021) and a Master's degree in Strategic Studies and International Security from Universidad de Granada (2019-2020). Additionally, Jules earned a Bachelor's degree in Security, International Security from Universitat de Barcelona (2015-2019).