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Charmaine has nearly 20 years of experience in corporate responsibility, with specific foci on labor and human rights, stakeholder engagement and research. In her own consultancy, she supported clients in Europe and Asia on a variety of labor compliance and sustainability issues; particularly industrial relations compliance and sustainable materials/circularity research. Earlier, Charmaine headed UL’s Global Regulatory Research Center in the Philippines; the team that supported consumer goods regulatory and standards research. She was Team Head for Puma, responsible for the global social compliance program and spearheaded multi-stakeholder innovation projects on HR management systems and fair wages as well as Puma's reaccreditation with the Fair Labor Association. Charmaine also led the Li & Fung vendor compliance and sustainability team in Vietnam and supported multi-stakeholder initiatives and labor and sustainability innovation pilots by the Li & Fung group in Vietnam. She was also part of a United Nations Volunteer (UNV) team that created the first business cases on corporate community relations used by the UN Global Compact in 2003. Charmaine has a degree in Economics from the University of the Philippines Diliman.