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Julius Knowles has served as a member of the board of directors since April 2016. Mr. Knowles is a Partner at Partners Innovation Fund, the venture arm of Partners HealthCare. Prior to Partners, Mr. Knowles was the Chief Executive Officer of X-BODY BioSciences (acquired by Juno Therapeutics). Previously, Mr. Knowles was responsible for global technology and drug discovery collaborations at Novartis, including as the Head of the Platforms team for Strategic Alliances at Novartis Institute of Biomedical Research, President of Novalar Pharmaceuticals, Vice President of Business Development of Novacea, (acquired by Transcept Pharmaceuticals), Vice President of Business Development of SGX Pharmaceutical and Director of Research and Development Planning at Vertex Pharmaceuticals. Mr. Knowles also serves on the board of several private life science companies. Mr. Knowles received a B.A. with distinction in Chemistry from Carleton College, an M.B.A. from the University of Pennsylvania and an M.Sc. in Chemistry from UC Berkeley.