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Professor Rugini was a long tenure CNR (Italian National Research Centre) researcher at the Olive Growing Study Center in Perugia, Italy, and university professor at the University of Tuscia, of which he was also dean of the Faculty of Agriculture.

After enrolling at the University of Perugia in the 1968/1969 academic year, he graduated in Agricultural Sciences in 1972, with 110/110 honors. After doing his military service, he obtained various scholarships at the CNR, from 1973 to 1976, becoming a researcher at the CNR from 1976 to 1987, and more specifically at the Olive Growing Study Center in Perugia; later he was a Research Fellow at the Genetic Department of the Institute of Paper Chemistry (Wisconsin, USA) 1981-82; Research Fellow at East Malling Research Station, 1985 and 1986, for a total of six months; then associate professor, since 1987, at the University of Tuscia; full professor since 1994, also at the University of Tuscia, until October 2018, the year of his retirement.

Eddo Rugini has carried out research activities, mainly in the field of arboreal plants, relating to applied physiology and biochemistry; cell differentiation in vitro (rhizogenesis, somatic embryogenesis, and sprout differentiation); flower differentiation, and genetic improvement with conventional and biotechnological techniques, and in particular to genetic modifications with recombinant DNA techniques.

He has been coordinator of projects of national interest (PRIN, MIPAAF, CNR) and head of UO of international projects of the European Union and bilateral projects with England and France in the biotechnological sector of fruit tree species.

For twelve consecutive years, from 1998 to 2010, he taught Horticultural Biotechnology at the Master CIHEAM (International Center for Advanced Mediterranean Agronomic Studies, UE (Greece)